A-1
INDEX
Oral History of William H. Jeffress, Jr.
ABC News, 75, 84–88
abortion case, 49, 51, 55
Above the Law, 117
Abrams, Floyd, 76
African Americans, 7–8
Black Panther trial, 25, 26
civil rights movement, 8, 13, 67
segregation, 7, 8, 17, 31
Washington and Lee recruitment, 13
and Yale Law School, 22–23
alternative dispute resolution, 117, 120
Altman, Robert, 96–99
American Lawyer, 117, 119
American Trial Lawyers Association (now American Association for Justice), 3–4
Anderson, Jack, 71
antitrust cases, 57, 73, 78, 82, 103, 104
anti-war protests. See Vietnam War
Appointments Clause, 90
Arizona, U.S. Attorney, 111, 112
Armitage, Richard, 94–95
Article III, 114, 115
Attorney General, 88–89
Baker Botts, 73, 104–5
Balzer, Dick, 20
Bank of America, 119
bankruptcy case, 82–83
baseball
antitrust exemption, 57
Bazelon, David L., 72
BCCI (Bank of Credit and Commerce International), fraud case, 97–98
bench memos, 52
bench vs. jury trial, 42, 101–2
Bickel, Alex, 20
Billy Graham Day, 107–11
Black, Hugo, 48
Blackmun, Harry, 48, 55
Black Panthers, 25, 26
Boasberg, James E. (Jeb), 101–2
Boggs, Rod, 29
Booker case, 118
Bork, Robert, 22
A-2
Borosage, Bob, 24
Boston Tea Party, 108
Boyle, Tony, 37
“breach of loyalty” common-law tort, 86
Brennan, William, 55–56
Broiles, David, 116
Brown, Doris, 33, 36
Buchmeyer, Jerry, 111, 112, 113, 116
Burger, Warren, 49, 55
Bush, George W., 93, 94
Buzhardt, Fred, 43
California energy crisis, 119
Capital Centre (Largo, Md.), 62, 100
Carswell, Harrold, 48
Cassidy, John, 104, 117
CBS News, 75
Center for Law and Social Policy, 24
cert petitions, 45–46, 49–50, 68
captioning of, 76
Chandler case, 114
Chaney, James Earl, 67
Charlotte Coliseum (N.C.), Billy Graham Day, 107–11
Cheney, Dick, 94
Children’s Defense Fund, 24
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), 95
Cincinnati, Ohio, 83–84
civil cases, 36–37, 38
civil rights movement, 8, 13
Philadelphia (Miss.) murders, 67
Civil War, 5
classified information, 90, 93–94
Classified Information Procedures Act (CIPA), 90
Clay, Eric, 22–23
Clifford, Clark, 96–99
Clinton, Bill, 3, 21, 89
pardons, 89
Clinton, Hillary, 21
Cole, Fred Carrington, 17
Congress, U.S., 38, 65, 66, 69, 71, 74
Connecticut Public Defender, 26–27
Connolly, Paul, 37
Constitution, U.S.
Appointments Clause, 90
Article III, 114, 115
Speech or Debate Clause, 38
A-3
See also specific amendments
Cooper, Matt, 91
Covington & Burling, 27–29
criminal law, 27, 30, 34–36, 105
credibility of witnesses, 101
defense lawyers, 34–35
independent counsel cases, 88–95
Judge Gesell’s docket, 35, 36, 37
Louisiana cases, 73, 78, 80–83, 102–3
Nixon cases, 75–76
Ohio case, 83–84
plea bargain, 118
Reliant Energy case, 105, 119–20
sentencing guidelines, 118
Warren Court, 53
white collar defense lawyers, 96
See also trials
cruel and unusual punishment, 49, 50
Daly, George S., Jr., 108–9
Darling Delaware (company), 62–63
Davis, Polk & Wardwell, 113
D.C. Circuit. See U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
D.C. Court of General Sessions. See District of Columbia Court of General Sessions
D.C. District Court. See U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia
D.C. Superior Court. See Superior Court of the District of Columbia
death penalty, 49–50
Deaver, Mike, 89, 96
declaratory judgment, 66, 67
Defense Department, U.S., 118
Democratic Convention (Chicago, 1968), 3
Democratic Party, 3, 31, 32, 77
Dennis, James L., 113
dissent suppression, 37–38, 39
District of Columbia. See Washington, D.C.
District of Columbia Court of General Sessions, 35–36, 62
District of Columbia Court system, 35–36
See also specific courts
Dobrovir, Bill, 71, 75
Doty, Jim, 105
double jeopardy claim, 111
Douglas, William O., 55, 114
due process, 49
DuPont, 2, 3
Duval, Mike, 109
A-4
Edelman, Marian Wright, 24
Edwards, Edwin, 78, 80–82
Ehrlichman, John, 43, 68
Eighth Amendment, 49
Ellsberg, Daniel, 38
break-in case, 43, 68
See also Pentagon Papers case
Emerson, Tom, 20
environment, 54
Environmental Defense Fund, 24
equal protection, 49
Ethics in Government Act of 1978, 88, 89
repeal of, 90
FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation), 101
FCC (Federal Communications Commission), 57
Federal Public Defender’s Office, 101, 120
Fifth Amendment, 110
taking provision, 65
Fifth Circuit Judicial Council, 112, 113, 114–15
See also U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
financial services companies
government regulations, 119
First Amendment, 38, 39, 51, 56
Food Lion case, 87
Libby leak case, 90
Nixon tapes commercialization, 76
and protestors, 109
First American Bank, 96–99
Fiske, Robert B., 113, 114
Fitzgeoffreys, John, 4
Fitzgerald, Patrick, 90, 94, 95
Flood, Curt, 57
Follo, Kirk, 13
Food and Commercial Workers Union, 85
Food Lion case, 84–88
Ford, Gerald, 64–65
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, 118
Fort Worth, Texas, 111
freedom of speech, 51
Friedman, Paul, 24
garbage hauling, 63
Garfein, Murray, 38
Garza, Emilio M., 113
General Electric, 44
A-5
General Services Administration, 65, 66
Gerwitz, Paul, 24
Gesell, Gerhard, 27–28, 32, 33–47
as activist judge, 39
as friend and mentor, 33, 42
individual calendar system, 36, 39
memorable cases, 37–44
Iran-Contra, 43
Pentagon Papers, 39–41, 43–44
Watergate-related, 39–41, 43, 68
Gewirtz, Paul, 57
Goldstein, Joseph, 22
Goodman, Andrew, 67
Gorelick, Jamie, 96
Graham, Billy, 107, 110
Graham, Katharine, 39–40
Gravel, Camille, 80, 81
Green, Joyce, 98
Greening of America, The (Reich), 20, 21
Greensboro, North Carolina, 85–86
Gump, Akin, 85
Gurfein, Murray, 41
Haldeman, H. R. (Bob), 68, 108
Halpern, Charles, 24
Hannon, Joseph (Joe), 43, 62
Harlan, John Marshall, II, 48, 60
Harvard Law School, 44
Haynsworth, Clement, 48
Hebel-Williams, Gunther, 62
Heineman, Ben, 44, 46, 51
Hentoff, Nat, 38
hidden camera investigations, 87
Higginbotham, Patrick E., 113, 116–17
hippies, 107–8, 109–10
Historical Society of the D.C. Circuit, 36, 69
Hogan, Thomas F., 99, 100, 101
Holton, Linwood, 32
Honda Motors case
punitive damages ruling, 86
House Internal Security Committee, 37–38
House Un-American Activities Committee, 37
Huge, Harry, 37
Hughes, Delos Dyson, 13
IBM, 88
A-6
Ichord, Richard, 37–38
IFPs (in forma pauperis) petitions, 45, 57
impeachment clause, 63
independent counsel cases, 88–95
independent counsel statute. See Ethics in Government Act of 1978
injunctive case, 66, 67
integration. See school integration
Iran-Contra, 43, 72
James, Fleming, 20
James River, 6
Janis, Schuelke & Wechsler, 104
Jaworkski, Leon, 63, 64, 65
Jeffress, Amy (daughter), 15, 18, 27
Assistant U.S. Attorney, 120–21
Jeffress, Charles (brother), 14
career and personal life, 3–4
Jeffress, Dick (brother), 4
Jeffress, Dorothy Grubbs (mother), 2, 5–7, 11
background, 5, 10
church youth groups, 6
and good works, 6–7
love of travel, 9
remarriage at age 89, 5–6
Jeffress, Jim (brother), 4
career and personal life, 3
Jeffress, Jonathan (son)
legal career, 101–2, 120, 121
Jeffress, Judy Jones (wife), 15–17, 32, 71
death of infant son, 30
family life, 71, 120, 121
financial support from, 27
love of movies, 16–17
university degrees, 16
Jeffress, William H. (father), 14, 26, 117
church activities, 2, 6
death, 5
DuPont career, 2, 3
electrical engineer, 1
four sons, 1, 2, 3–4, 5
genealogy interest, 5
and good works, 2, 6–7
love of travel, 9–10
marriage, 5
Virginia Tech, 1, 2
World War II Army service, 1, 2
A-7
Jeffress, William H., Jr. — Personal
ancestors, 4–5
as anti-Vietnam War, 17–18, 24–25
bar exam, 39, 41
birthplace, 1
brothers, 1, 2, 3–4
children, 15, 16, 18, 27, 32, 71
death of infant son, 30
legal careers, 101–2, 120–21
choice of college, 11
close family life, 121
and debating, 11
and Democratic Party, 31, 32
elementary school, 7
family tree, 5
father (see Jeffress, William H.)
fatherhood draft deferment, 18
and football, 9, 11, 17
friendships, 13, 33, 42, 78, 80
house near office, 121
Huguenot High School, 7–9
interests and activities, 8–9, 11
valedictorian, 8
year graduated, 1, 13
interest in law, 10–11, 15
memory of JFK assassination, 13
mother (see Jeffress, Dorothy Grubbs)
and movies, 16–17
parents and family life, 1–2, 5–7
Richmond house and property, 6
travel and camping, 9–10
part-time jobs, 26–27
political views, 25, 31–32, 76–77
public schools, 1, 7–9, 19
and religion, 2, 6, 31
segregation experiences, 7, 8, 17, 31, 32
and Sixties unrest, 13, 17–18, 21, 22–23, 24–26, 32–33
Skyrim video game investment, 98
and sports, 9, 11, 17, 102
summer jobs, 14, 27–28
and Washington, D.C., 25, 28–29, 32–33
earthquake, 78–79
house near office, 121
time spent away from, 120
Washington and Lee University, 9, 11–18, 47
economics major, 13
A-8
friendships, 13
integration of, 17
marriage while attending, 15–17
mentor, 13
and segregation, 17, 31
sports, 11
student government, 14–15, 16
year graduated, 13, 17
wife (see Jeffress, Judy Jones)
Yale Law School, 18–27
academic preparedness for, 19
atmosphere, 19, 21–22
choice of, 18–19
financing of, 26–27
graduation from, 25–26
law review editor-in-chief, 21, 23–24, 26, 28, 44
professors and courses, 19–21, 24
and Socratic method, 19, 20
student and faculty unrest, 18, 21, 24–25
Jeffress, William H., Jr. — Professional
argument before Supreme Court, 58–59, 66, 69, 73–74
Baker Botts
Libby leak case, 90–95
Reliant Energy case, 105, 119–20
clerkship for Gesell, 28, 29, 33
civil cases, 36–37, 42
learning and confidence from, 34
most notable cases, 38–41, 43–44
as sole clerk, 33–34
clerkship for Stewart, 44–47, 51–58, 60
advantages of, 58
cert petition review, 45–46
co-clerks, 44–45, 46, 51
memorable cases, 50–51, 53–54, 57
opinion writing, 54–55
relationship with Stewart, 46–47, 58, 59
Covington & Burling summer associate, 27–29
and criminal defense law, 35
first interest in, 27
high stakes of, 95
first interest in law, 10–11, 15
first jury case as lead counsel, 107, 108, 109
on independent counsel statute, 88
on jury system, 42–43, 101–3
Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights, 29
and legal profession changes, 117–19
A-9
Miller, Cassidy, Larroca & Stewart, 59, 60–117
Baker Botts merger, 73, 104–5
Billy Graham Day case, 107–11
complicated cases, 103–4
early trial cases, 61–63
First American Bank case, 96–99
Food Lion case, 84–88
independent counsel cases, 88–95
Judge McBryde cases, 111–17
long hours, 71
Louisiana cases, 73, 78, 80–83, 102–3
Nixon cases, 58–59, 63–77
Ohio savings and loans case, 83–84, 103–4
Paralyzed Veterans case, 99–101
Reliant Energy case, 119–20
on Nixon as person, 76–77
representation of underdog, 76
and Supreme Court justices, 47–48
and trial law, 27, 29, 30, 34–47, 102–3
changes in, 117–20
early cases, 61–63
family life effect, 120
good lawyers, 34–35
judges, 89
Johnson, Lyndon B., 18
White House taping system, 67–68
judicial independence, 112–17
judicial misconduct statute, 114, 115
juries
Billy Graham Day case, 107, 108, 109, 110
and complicated cases, 104
Food Lion damages, 86
judge trial vs., 42, 101–2
lawyer performance before, 8, 80
Libby case, 91, 94
Ohio savings and loans case, 83–84
selection of, 81–82
Stein Irish re-insurance company case, 102–3
waiver of, 101–2
and witness credibility, 42–43, 101
Justice Department, U.S., 43, 81, 95
Attorney General, 88–89
compliance measures, 118–19
criminal division, 60
Kalman, Laura
A-10
Yale Law School and the Sixties, 21, 23
Kelly, Bill, 24
Kennedy, John F., 17, 18
assassination of, 13
Kennedy, Robert F., 60
Kent State shootings (1970), 24–25
Kessler, Fritz, 19–20
Corbin on Contracts revision, 20
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 8
Kleindienst, Richard, 63, 77, 88
Korea-gate, 80
Labor Department, U.S.
Assistant Secretary, 3
Lanham Act, 62
Larroca, Ray, 104
Latham and Watkins, 24
law firms, 28–29
boutique, 104
economics and organization of, 117
mergers, 105
public interest, 24
trial law, 29
lawyers
client relationship, 24
trial performances, 34–35
Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights, 29
Legal Services Corporation, 3
Legal Times, 117
Leonnig, Carol D.
Courthouse Is a Home Away From Home, 120
Lewin, Nat, 61, 77, 104
Lewinsky, Monica, 96
Lexington, Virginia, 12, 15, 16, 17–18, 31
Libby, Scooter, 90–95
fairness of trial, 93–95
prison sentence commutation, 93
Lincoln, Abraham
presidential papers, 64
Louisiana
criminal cases, 73, 78, 80–83, 102–3
political and legal culture, 82–83
Louisiana Commissioner of Natural Resources, 78
Louisiana Insurance Commissioner, 78, 82
mandamus petition, 70, 71, 72
A-11
McBryde case legal claim for, 113–14
Marshall, Thurgood, 30, 44, 57
May Day protests (1971), 26, 32–33
McBryde, John H., 111–17
judicial misconduct charge, 114, 115
and shark cartoon, 116
MCI Center (Washington, D.C.)
wheelchair seating case, 99–101
McLean, Bob, 30, 60
McMillan, James, 108, 110
Meat Inspection Act, 89
Meehan, Dick, 27
Meese, Edwin, 88–89, 96
Methodist Church, 6
Miller, Jack, 68, 71, 78
background, 60–61
and Baker Botts merger, 104, 105
Nixon as client, 63, 64–65, 71, 77
Miller, Cassidy, Larroca, Stewart, 30, 58–59, 60–117
Baker Botts merger, 73, 104–5
litigation cases, 61
number of lawyers, 104
partners, 60–61, 104
Miller, Judith, 91–92
Minsker, Marty, 60, 64
Miro, Carlos, 102–3
Mitchell, John, 68, 75
Mitchell, Lansing Leroy (Tut), 83
Moore, James William, 20
Moore, Richard, 77
Morgenthau, Robert, 97
Mortenson, Stan, 68, 104
Moses, Al, 29
Mundy, Kenneth, 34–35
Napolitano, Janet, 111, 112
National Bank of Washington, 37
National Guard, 25
National Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights, 29
National Security Council, 93
NBC (National Broadcasting Company), 75, 90
Neal, Jim, 80
New Haven, Connecticut, 19, 25, 26
New Orleans, 102, 103
bankruptcy court, 82–83
“New Public Interest Lawyers” (Yale Law Review), 24
A-12
New Republic, 77
news organizations
Food Lion case, 84–88
Libby leak case, 90, 91–92, 94, 95
Nixon tapes case, 68, 75–76
New York Times, 90
Pentagon Papers publication, 38
New York Times v. Sullivan, falsity and malice standards, 86
1960s unrest
anti-war protests, 3, 17–18, 21, 24–25, 32–33
Billy Graham Day protest, 107–11
Washington, D.C., 32–33
Yale Law School, 18, 21, 22–23, 24–25
Ninth Circuit. See U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Nixon, Richard M.
and Billy Graham Day, 107, 108, 110
estate of, 72–73
and Kent State, 25
legal representation, 58–59, 72–73, 76–77
1968 presidential campaign, 32
pardon of, 64–65
Pentagon Papers case, 38
personal traits, 76–77
resignation, 63, 64
Supreme Court appointments, 48–49, 50
tapes and papers cases, 63, 64, 65–77
commercialization of tapes, 68–69, 72, 74–75
compensation for, 65–66, 72–73
and news organizations, 68, 75–76
ownership of, 64–66, 70
personal and private documents, 66–67
value of papers, 72–73
unpopularity of, 76–77
Nixon Library, 73
Nixon-Sampson Agreement, 65, 66, 69
Norfolk, Virginia, 5, 10
North, Oliver, 43
North Carolina, 3, 5
“breach of loyalty” tort, 86
See also Charlotte Coliseum
North Carolina Civil Liberties Union, 108
Northern District of Texas. See U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas
Novak, Robert, 94
obscenity cases, 56–57
Ohio
A-13
state-chartered savings and loans, 83–84, 103–4
Ohio Supreme Court, 84
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), 3
Paralyzed Veterans case, 99–101
Parker, Richard, 44, 52
Passman, Otto, 80
Penn, John G., 72, 73
Pentagon Papers case, 38–41, 43–44, 50
pharmaceutical companies
government regulations, 119
Plame, Valerie (Valerie Wilson), 91, 93, 94, 95
plea bargain, 118
Politz, Henry A., 113, 114, 116
Pollin, Abe, 62, 99, 100, 101
Powell, Lewis, 47–48, 48–49, 50, 55, 56
President, U.S.
impeachment clause, 63
ownership of papers and tapes, 64–66, 70
White House taping system, 64, 66–68
presidential election of 1968, 32
Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act of 1974, 65–66, 68–69, 74
upheld by Supreme Court, 71, 74–75
price fixing, 78, 104
“Prime Time Live” (ABC News program), 84, 87
procurement fraud cases, 118
Public Broadcasting System, 75
public interest law firms, 24, 30
punitive damages, 86, 87
Radio Television News Directors Association, 75
Red Hornet May Day Tribe, 108
Reggie, Edmund M., 78, 80
Rehnquist, William, 48–49, 50, 55
Reich, Charles, 20–21
The Greening of America, 20, 21
“The New Property,” 21
Reliant Energy case, 105, 119–20
reporter’s privilege case, 51
Republican Party, 25, 31, 32, 48, 77
reverse re-purchase agreements, 103–4
Revolutionary War, 4
Richey, Charles R., 69, 70–71, 72
Richmond, Virginia, 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 19, 47
segregated schools, 7
Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus, 62, 99
A-14
Roberts, Chalmers, 39–40
Robertson, James, 29, 89
Rockefeller, Nelson, 25, 32
Rove, Karl, 95
Ruff, Charles (Chuck), 112
Russert, Tim, 91, 95
Safire, William, 94
Sampson, Arthur, 65, 70–71
savings and loan scandal, 83–84, 103–4
Sawyer, Diane, 84, 87–88
Schaffer, Archibald, III, 89
Schmaltz, Don, 89
school integration, 7–8, 17, 32, 108
Schwermer, Michael, 167
Scots-Irish migration, 4
Scott, George C., 74
Seale, Bobby, 25, 26
Secret Service, 107, 108
Securities and Exchange Commission, 104
securities cases, 104
segregation, 7, 8, 17, 31
See also school integration
sentencing guidelines, 118
Sidley and Austin, 60
Sierra Club, 53, 54
Sixth Circuit Appeals Court. See U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
small claims court, 62
Smith, John Lewis, 62
Socratic method, 19, 20
South Carolina, “breach of loyalty” tort, 86
space race, 17
special prosecutor. See independent counsel cases
Speech or Debate Clause, 38
standing, 24, 42, 53–54
State Department, U.S., 43, 95
Stein, Melvyn, 102–3
Stewart, Potter, 44–47, 49, 50, 51–58, 73
and consensus building, 55
and First Amendment, 51
judicial approach, 52–55
law clerks, 44–47, 51–52, 59, 60
writing own opinions, 47
Sullivan, Brendan, 100
Superior Court of the District of Columbia, 35–36, 62, 63
individual calendar system, 36, 39
A-15
jurisdictions, 36
Pentagon Papers case, 39
Supreme Court, U.S., 44–59
abortion case, 49, 51, 55
argument calendar, 46
cert petitions, 45–46, 49–50
and consensus building, 55–56, 57
death penalty cases, 49–50
Jeffress argument before, 58–59, 68–69, 73–74
judicial independence case law, 114
law clerks, 30, 44–47, 53, 55, 56, 57, 60
Nixon appointments, 48–49, 50
Nixon cases, 58–59, 66, 67, 69, 71, 73–75
obscenity cases, 56–57
Pentagon Papers case, 41, 50
punitive damages ruling, 88
reargued cases, 50–51
reporter’s privilege case, 51
respect for precedent, 53
and standing, 53–54
Texas
Northern District Court, 111–13
Thomas, Clarence, 21
three-judge court, 69–70, 71
Tilley, N. Carlton (Woody), 85–86
trials, 27, 29, 30, 105
and alternative dispute resolution, 117, 120
and Baker Botts Washington office, 105
bench vs. jury, 42, 101–2
judges, 89, 101
lawyer performance, 34–35
and lawyer’s family life, 120
Libby leak case, 93–95
litigation expense, 117–18
Miller Cassidy cases, 61–62, 72–73, 78, 85–87
multiple dependents and defense council, 96
reasons for fewer, 117–19, 120
See also criminal law; juries
TRO (temporary restraining order), 38, 39
Truth in Negotiation Act, 118
Turk, Randy, 88, 104
Tyson, Don, 89
Tyson Food, 89
United Mine Workers Pension Fund, 37
A-16
University of North Carolina, 3
U.S. Attorney, Arizona, 111, 112
U.S. Attorney’s Office, Civil Division, 43
U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
Historical Society, 36, 69
Libby leak case, 90–95
McBryde judicial misconduct case, 115, 116
Nixon cases, 68–73, 75–76
Pentagon Papers case, 39–40
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, 112–17
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 111–12, 119
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, 41
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit, 22, 23
U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, 115, 116
U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas, 111–13
U.S. Supreme Court. See Supreme Court, U.S.
Veterans of Foreign Wars, 107–8, 110–11
Vietnam War, 13
anti-war movement, 3, 17–18, 21, 24–25, 26, 32–33, 38
draft deferments, 17, 18
May Day protests, 26, 32–33
Pentagon Papers, 38–41
right to dissent, 37–38, 39
Virginia, 4, 5, 7–8
political parties, 32
Virginia Beach, Virginia, 5, 6
Virginia Tech, 1, 2, 3, 4
Volz, John, 80, 81
vote-buying charges, 81–82
Walton, Reggie, 90, 93
Want, Billy, 13
Warner, Marvin, 83, 84, 103–4
Warner Communications, 66, 68–69, 72, 73–75, 76
Warren, Earl, 53, 55
Warwick, Dionne, 31
Washington, D.C., 25, 28–29, 32–33
criminal cases, 34–35
earthquake, 78–79
federal courthouse, 33
garbage code, 63
legal and political culture, 82
riots and violent protests, 26, 32–33
wheelchair sports arena seating case, 99–101
Washington, George
A-17
papers, 64
Washington and Lee University, 9, 11–18, 47
as academically demanding, 19
as all-male, 11
honor system, 14
integration of, 17
married students, 15–16
nearby women’s colleges, 11–12
segregation, 17, 31
size of, 11, 12
Washington Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights, 29
Washington Post, 120
Pentagon Papers case, 38–41, 43
Watergate
break-in, 43
legal cases, 41–53, 63, 68
special prosecutor, 63, 64, 65, 88–89
Watt, Mel, 22, 23
Westin, David, 87
wheelchair seating, 99, 100–101
White, Byron, 24, 44, 55, 58–69, 73
White House
advance men, 108, 109
taping system, 64, 66–68
See also President, U.S.
Whitewater, 96
Wilkey, Malcolm, 71
Williams, Edward Bennett, 37, 58, 75, 96
Williams & Connolly, 99
Wilson, Joseph (Joe), 93, 95
Wilson, Valerie. See Plame, Valerie
World War II, 1, 2
Yale Law Review, 21, 23–24, 26, 28, 44
“The New Public Interest Lawyers,” 24
Yale Law School, 13, 18–27, 44
anti-war activity, 18, 21, 26
atmosphere of, 19, 21–25
Clintons and Clarence Thomas and, 21
“Dark Ages,” 21, 24
faculty and student unrest, 18, 21, 24–25
minority admissions, 22–23
professors and courses, 19–21, 22–23
selectivity of, 18–19
Socratic method, 19, 20
trial of Eric Clay, 22–23
A-18
Yale Law School and the Sixties (Kalman), 21