– 36 –
• oommudtJ of .N1tion1 :hould eotnbinfl in “n ‘!ffort to prevent 1mra. I felt
3trongly al?o \hat since the United St6tea “?s dm?n into the ltrst World
War 1 t was •ound Ar.1erloaa poli07 to promote an 1:nt?rne..tiono.l orgaaimtion
vhioh wollld eaek to prevent a recurrence. I thoug;ht lt \>;ould be 1.apoasible
for th& Uni teci States, from tl”.e stan.dpoh.i? of its own interests. aa
well as cur obl1g11,tion to tht,’! 1nt?rnational comimmit;r, to rc=.ir. ou.t of t1
dgaificnnt conflict vhan it really get u.nd?r “imy. !here we.e 8.leo P.n
idealism ai.bout our lMdeNtJ.p durir.g em’! &fier the war (until other forces
gaiaed htitadvay) vhioh \llaB oens16tent with JV c-?? b<‘li?fe. I think such
14ealiem t.’8.$ right arid aotm(., though time e.nd e,:perienott aigh? be S&iti to
he.?.- pro•.-.n 1ome of its 1:ncidenh to lave bl’tt’n f eft<:Cti?e.
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S’Mlclcer a,qe4 in aviation ?.rid as I M:ve $8.1? \’8? aee16.entrtlly killed
vhilo still a young fJ6.t. Jester, e.t I hr”‘V!I 11.lec ea.id, ls practicing l?.¾•
in New 0rl1m1u,. ‘l’abvr I thillk ia e. prseticing doctor in f’t.ttereor.. Nc-v
Jer•e7. Bale. vb.om I hs•? occaetonal’.!.7 seen oTer the yMr?, reentered the
eervice in World War U. Lovett, ?hose dieUL?.th:h.oo. oa.roer h well known,
became Undeir Seeretaey of Stat? under Genenl Mitrshe.ll. In 194’1 vben I vn.a
‘l’h? LfV!al .AdTiser of the Str,.t0 Dep,rhien’\ • our \•1ork thore b&ppily ova’.!”lapped
tor a. whila, reid.nltcent of other dais end. of battle• of lor..c a.go. I had
4ec1de4 \o leaTe Government 1Hnice befcr• t kne’-” h• vat to co.me into the
J>epar\a1ant. llisa l think I would ha.V’3 r@i11!11ned to work ·:11th him. Re s?kad
me to do ao, aa OounHlor of \he Departmerit. whioh apJ>ealed to me .,!:l%7 much.
;&-;,sn1uton Iatt, ia19-19iM1
Back in Waahin?ton 1n January. 1919, in a different part of thP littl•
building oa 11fth stre.t, down,,.1r.e in No. 410 \hia ‘1.!!le, t l>egan ?e.in to
get a toot.hold in pri’Ta?c pnoti?e •
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Mr. Darllng\on died 1n Jue. 1920, after an illne•• ot so• month,.
le came to U1e otf1ce aa long a• he co’llld, and e’t’en. vent aoroH to ,he
oou\bouae \o argue a oaae 4ur1nc bl• illn.e••• Iv., be vae f1nall7 tercel
to ‘beA u4 there, with Chridlaa \ranqatlit7 aad. tortl\ude lookN torvart
with tai lh \o jo1n1n, hla wlte.
lb. lalli”ft.n a.lkecl 11e to 1\a7 with hi.a, ud \bit l 414 uUl 1924.
1. the 01,, fhrougb \he lean
Washiact•• la 1911 whea 1 oau here va• like a lti& town, though 111
popula\loa •• abo11\ 321.ooo. l\ •• a lei1vel7 plaoe. the create,, obalge
‘bepa wl \b the 11r1\ Vol’l.4 Val’. I.be ci \7 gnv rapidly apla a■ a renl, of
the Second World War. Place• whloh 1n 19U we ,bo’Qlll\ far 011.t ••• \eco•• ·
ol.01e la. fo on• who •• 11 Teel ure oflr a long perlo4 \he chance• are
1\rlldr,c; 7e\ \he 4nelop11ot •• ba4 iatecrlt7. through \he effort to
tollov a plan 1 and v1 ‘\h the tireoUou &1•ea ‘b;r the hae Art, and o\her OoaJa11aion1,
and with the pride 0oAC1’••• ha• taken la Wa1h1nctoa, the change
•• aot beea a• 1n411ori11lade a, Ill• growth la 1tse othervi•• alp, •••
OD.lei.
the 4.-relopaent ln :pu\llo ‘n.lldiJlg haa ‘beea treaemloua, panlcnalarl7
liace the heeicleao, of Berl, en ••••r, who be,an nev oo••–•Hon aloag
Co.a.a\Uu\loa ATenue aid. the Mall. tftde •• upan4e4 ucler \he acl.alat■tnUoa
of Pre1tiea\ 1rukl.1a loo■eTel\ ‘bu\ aooone4 vi\h older plan,. the
\NtpH”&J’T w.Udinp of lhe 111>1\ Vorld War are ••’11 pu. !boae vhlob
fillecl ,he plallt la front of UaioA ha\1on. tor ,11e 701IJIC vomen vho ca•
,o WaabtDgtoa to vol’k 4u1D,C \he war. are no aon.
look Onek: Pan: haa beea greaU7 extu.4ecl onr the 7earw. and 1• per,;.
bap• \he gna\ea\ ci\7 park la the world. vl\h U1 •• apeo1al beauty in
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• the fall, 1n th& winter anc1 in the sprlnc and. 8Ullller. I usually drlYe throqh
toll& of U tt•e17 a.7. Howe-ver, I m1H coot w.l.kl.ag pa\he.
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Mr. l>arlincto11•1 ol\7 home va1 near Dupoa, Oirole oa 80t;h Street. .ill
that area •• red4ea’U.al 4.urin« 111′ earlier 7ear1, and. I think alto ta 1920.
The 1\r4tetcar, vent all tbe “7 out OoueoUcu\ ATeau to Cheq Oba•• Lake.
!here were ae bueet. A,a.tomc’bile traffic wa1 relaUTel7 light, and there ••
a great ute of phae’c>a•• rtctcria.t. e.ad. backs.
the old Eb’bU\ House, ea the toutb.eaat corner ot 1 and 14th S\1’ffh,
wa, an la\ere1’1ac apo, in ou atutea, da71. &.ne1• •. oa ,11.e tou\h. 114• of
lenaqlft.D.la A·..eau — eemewbeJ”e aonH froa \be laleigh •• ano\he-r.
!he St. Ja11et ic\el vaa al10 on the ao1t.\h tide of the AYefta. ? -,
father wn\ lo Wew Tork on b\11iag \rip• tor \he t\ol’e, whioh •• mu.e abo’llt
\vice a JMI’, he vouli ,top off a\ least d.uri.Ac part of a clq and wo\114 toM­
Umee ‘8.ke me to \he St. Jame,, perba:pt for a •teak. l enjo7ed. hb rlei\a.
lo other member of the ta.m.17 liTed. here then, but ln Ute fa.ll of 1911,
Mother came north oa a Tla1 ,. We wen\ froa ‘Waahiqtoit to ••• Tork Oit7 toge\hel”.
Ve 1toppei duriDC the tq at Princeton an4 I 1av the Tale-Prlaoe\oa foo\\al.1
p11e1 ,r1’h Dal1, ff1′ triem the pre’f’io11.1 · 7ear a\ lo\re Da.s.e. vbo ha4 cou oa
to Prlace’°a. Mo\hei· )wpecl lo see her old trleat Mrs. VUaoa a• Prlao•to•
ln1’ 1:be wa• a.war. In 19″ lorlt Mother looked ‘Ip eoae relaH•••• oao qlli ‘•
014 and. 111 vhoa Mo\her h•lpecl, a• •he helped ao •? duriq her lite. She
•• alw&1• 4uleU7 helpiAC 1011eone, hcweTH’ moh the clemand• 11Po». hei-.
Of oouree \he cod of living waa IIUCh lower th.ea. When 1 fint oaae
\o Wathinc\on l paid tH a JJO&\h for fl7 room ud \hne aeal • a 4q — u4
,11e mealt ware uoellent. After the -.,. 1n 1919 it wa, perhapa a lUtle
more. but not a 1ru\ deal. (During 0lu1.•tma1 holidqs of 1954 I exchangecl
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greetings ,.,1th rq two roomm.a tea of these. earl,- 7e19.rs, :&tymonc! I. Kiet • who
bat continued ,o live at DerJ’:r, PenneylYanb., tulc :F..$l’litul P. B’s.yea. whc for
some rea.n aov bat lived 1n 09.l!fornia..)
‘t/;y reeolleotion i a \hat m.r f1rat :,ear ot practice. ‘beginning in 1914,
gro1aed $1,200, which ene’bled me to g?t along. ‘!’here vas no income 1:ex.
We.th1.ngton h&.d fi ,outhern l\,\mN1phere. ‘Pht- poCE’ -wa? tlo,.,•r thU!. now
and tru.» ei tr \flU l’lOt crowed. Bu\ eve,n ‘°day, in contnut with otbP.r l?rie
cUiea, WaehiAgto.n 1 • dov-llOving 1n a Hnte. It on? go•• ?n a ‘Yid t to
lw Y?rk. tor example, there 111 a 4isUnot ohenge 1n peo♦ a.nd trattio ooncUUons,
aJ:W. in no1ee, smoke, Nid collgettion.
IJ’he ,1ee.ther 1n the BUE!Jiers of the ee.rller JM.:re ‘ta• certainly no \tiOl’H
‘1:an now. J,t U11es we -eould hev? one of tho1!l iaco?a.ra’bl? s,rings. A.r?
\he cit7 has continued to grow in b?auty, not?i thsta.n.i.1n,t: aome very bad
housing condi \ions.
In 1911 and tor so.me year, there,t,fter ‘lashingtoz wa.! )!10l’e dhUnct ?s
a 01t1 in 1 h ow right NtMr than a1 the oap1tel of the nation. ‘!’here
1eemed. to be J!IOl’e looal oomuni t7 life. Of cour?e I might bs mistaken, beoaun
nt the obange in rq own vo1’k and auoclPtione. Sino? l have b@eil en
th• court, p.llrUeula:rl7, ruid for th? tw prec&tUn,; years, 1947-1949, when I
ha4 returned. \o pdftte praoltoe, I felt closer to Waahi.ucton as a co111111.U1ity
than during the years in the heaut1ve !ranoh of the Oove?’tlment from 1933
,o 1947.
a. ‘the S\ru«atl,tJ Ov?r tt-i.e tAa.?e
WU,oa•? thinJdn& about. our entry in\o thA Yf8.r nnd a’bo’1t a world orgaa1satloa
fo?’ p-.iSe Hflmed to ae to b? Mund an’1 ?,ortb7 of our great
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OhriaU.an hel”l\age. lv.t the Senate untortue.tel7 was \Ul.w1ll11’18 ,o ratU’7
the CoYen&nl of the League. ‘l’b1 • I tlilought a great tragecl7.
I do not mean for a moaent that ,he Leacue of llatioa.e, with u a• a
aemlaer, wul.4 haTe broqht peraneat peace. U 1• a oonfudon to aUl’llnlt•
to 11-•• who baTe favored noh an orcanization a belief that they a.re a
aoluUoA tor H’eJ7tb1.ng. O\lr ow go•veruent w1 th all i le great 1n1ti tuUou
ba• D.ft”fer ,been able to preYeat •erloua problem• from arialng within ttle lfa,…
Uoa. Wea if we ha4 cone law the Leap.a aerloue latel’l’Jatlonal probl••
voul4 und.ou’bteil7 have arhea. We alght not haTe aTOlcled the Secom World.
War. Jut U •• … 4 pre\t7 clear to me that there vae l••• chance of it lf
\.bere vere a atronc tea,ue of •uon•• aa4 no ohaace of a atronc Leacu.e ualet•
\he UAited. State• were a ……. ,. of it. We ba4 beooae too alcnitloant
a part of the vorld. to expect that ,he problems of the world would be aol-r.t.
without our aotlve aaeiatance.
l cto ao\ feel that W1leon retleote4 in the end the popular will in the
UaUe4 State• n, I thlmc he d.id ntlect the popular will of the vor14.
Originall.7 he retleoled ,he popular Aurtoan vlll alao; but the tight••
the J.eacu o.balced the 4ollluat eenUlldt ln •v oout17.
U i• naaonable to -, that Wileon. 414 aot hu41.e tu whole proble• ta
a -, Iba\ we.a conduoift to n.ooe••• Jut thi• wa• not, •• baa been •ua••’••
du to a. aiatn.at on ht• part of lhe ctemocratio proc•••• Vllton bad great
coaf14eaoe 1A the people. Be ba.41 cood reason to bell••• the people were
vUl:t hi._ · • etateaan 1n oeat•n•• perhaps ha4 the worl4-vU.e acolaia
Wllu• reoel•ed. at the ea4 of the •r. Be had 4ou eo noh to via the val’.
taol111illDC hi• ef:fec’1•• appeal• 4inot17 to the GeJ’IIU people o•er the kw•
ot their p”Yernment. Our people were with him then. le bad reaeon to aup-
41 –
• poee: ,also ,hat ,he leader• of the lept&blican Par,7 were wi ,h Ma. S.•,or
leaq 9&bo, Lo4ge ad ‘been one of the foremoe\ U”fOO&tee ot a wo:rl4 OJ’IU1-
satloa: tor peaoe. .W Wiltoa bad ne:r., N&toll lo nppoae aleo \ha\ •••
like Oharle• J. Hague, m.1,- Boot, aa4 Willia• Bovard fat\ voul.4 -,pert
bi• ,tf’orta to o’b\aln noh an OJ’Pll11&,ioa.
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Wll•o11 went cl.lrecU1 to the people when bl •v ,a, the Senate llf.gh\
be lod. ‘1’he \rlp aon11 the cou.\?7 vhioh ended ta hi• brealatowa va• a
41reot appeal te the people. b4 nen, after tbat, la the aen eleoUoa,
be -,,..ie4 apla to \he people for a p•t referu4’WI on Iha 1,eu.
·. Other•, so•• la pod Uon• ot grea\ reepoanblUt7. cbuet4, not 1’1l•?n.
fhei,f •tlYe• l 4o aot attempt \o appl’lli••• ad l aaftlle the pahtetl .. ot’;
all. Soae, like S.lllll\or :Borah, who perbape u•er ba4 taTOred. the Lea,tte •t
all, were teadul fro• the beat of alttaken aoUTH. Aa \he great cleba,e
‘begaa we bad a· i-,not wbea efteoti’f’e •• were llr:epUoal and crltlcal ln one
or ‘• atter•, alMl a• thalr lATOl’Yemenl in. the debate taoreaaed the7 bacaae
9kep’1-1 1a larcer -tl’U’•. 4rgueat vaa 84484 to al’paeat aUl ‘h•7 ,
were loet la arcaeata\loa. allloat ln 4laleou·o,, a uncerou• appnaela ‘°
p•’ pnble••· .Aael’loa lla4 ao\ ao•e4 aloac the roa4. •• tar •• Wileoa
t.bo,agllt. Alleri.oa 1a faot r•tnate4 ad.er tbe pn••re• of the luaM 4•l»al••
11.84er appeal.I \o a •tlou.11•’1o aac1. at■el’le4 more palnotto potat of
new, which tn ,n.th wa• 110t. !b.e reaeon• adTaDce4 wr• tear of to:reiga ••taql.••’••
lnTolTeaeal 1a peat deoiaiont vhtob ve aight not ·’b• a\le to .
001\\l’ol, ud • forth. So we bad. the great ol•ftC••
loMthttuAiac \hl• Yllaon OO’llld haft voa it he had ‘bee vtlltac ‘°
accept \he ao-ealled 1 tnterprelat1•• n1el’ftllon1.• ta•••••• he had.•Udnlt
of the Senate vUh hta. there i• -, od\icl•• of WilMn in reepecl
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• to tb.e League, and. it 11 mde with diffidence and uncerta.int7. I think it
would baTe beea better for him to ba:ve acoepted the lnhz,,retaUTe t”eaenatiota.t
and tor ua to have cone inti> the L•cue. “.
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I CllllnOt go back a.ow and a.nal71e those reaene.tioaa on the epur of the
moiaent. but 1 ‘belieYe if the Senah had pa1Bed. lhe trf’J&\7 vi th them the
other .:aembere of the teague vould l’.laTe accepted them. We vould b&Te ‘been a
member and perhape could have DB.de tlle League a workable e.nd etronc organiseUoi,..
Wllaon, boveTer, wae uavlllln« to ave the Oonzuu,t reeubld. ttecl,
vith our reeenai10111, to the powen that bad aocephd it as 11 va1 at hie
own ia1i1teaoe. Aa4 •o the great bo’pe w.1 loet tor a U11e. Jut 11 was not
loat per-.aea\17, because there la no q,a.eeUoa the experieace through whioh
we then paated vat used ‘° adT1uitace later. iooteTelt vaa AH11tant Seoreta17
of the laTT 11.Dder ‘WU son, and met haTe gone throu«h that -period in u
• intelligent, \ho?tful mau.er, •• J1U7 other• did wm l1Te4 through bo\h
•r•. When he va• Pretiden\ in the Seoond World Wa.r and agaia there Yae
the problem ot a world orcanisa\ioa. looteTelt hand.led \he probl•• qllite
differen\17. CbTiou,17 he bad pnt1\e4 by the le .. oa• of ,he •rlier •i-a.
•
To 111••••’•• looaffel t n&11e4 •• deleph1 to the Sen hanci•oo Conferenoe
Senator ArUm.r I. Vandea’ber1, \he priaotpal bpablioaa lee.A•,. on.
foreign pollc, ln \be S.nale. Be ‘broucht Seu.tor Taadenberc 1aM the •otu.l
formulation of the Obarter of the Ua1te4 lfatione ao that the Sezaa\or beauie
aa adTooa\e for 1 t ratber than one lef\ ouhlcle as Senator Lodge bad been.
John lotter Dul.lee, another proaineat llepublloaa leader in international
aoUvi ti••• and other•• were al•o broqh\ into the J:>l’OOete ef tonmlation.
In 1919-1920, the fight over the l.eagu.e waa a liTe au.’bjeot 1:n Waahlngton.
I w.e not to be a part of the goTernment ,mUl ma117 rear• later; 1
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was oal7 a rew.ne4 partioipan.t of the war. and a young lavter. The dtt’ba.b
wa1 ? Bt”•a\ atraggle tor people’ a mlnd.a and ,him:ing. :But aftei- \ht clefeat
of our partlcip&Uon in the Leagu.e I doubt that eTen those who vere the
Tiotoz-1 had a teel11’g th•1 bad done well. There wa, great 41eappot.zi,aezi, –
on the par\ of those who felt as t clU .• Borah a!d l,oqe had. their Yiiltery,
‘but what kind of victory, b11torioall7. was iU 1′ did not have pel’llanence
la an att1rmat1Te aenae. One of U1e moat et:fectiYe Sena.tors ?lnet Wllaonc.
waa J?Blepe of OoaneoUcu.1. I would BO dow and lhten to the clabat,s.
Senator :Branclegee waa able in his •r•hallin« of reaaone v)q’ ve aho1al4 not
go into the League. h.t vnat 1• Me ]’)OtUion 111 h11to17 tor ha’Ylnc won?
And Jorah d.14 not d4 ‘° hie sta-.n l>,- hi• oppoai Uoa. On U• oontraq.
fheae men von not because of oon’YlcUon. on the part ot the people lnlt becau•
e ot uacertalnt7 about 001untting ouraelTea so :full7 aa Wilson withed •
‘We renounced our leadership of a great cause.
3. ‘Phe Practice of Lav
After Mr. Darlin,’°11’1 death in Jue 1920, Mr. hl.U.T&.11 and I coaUaue4
in aaeoa1aUoa a• 1 haw said until 1924. Mr. h.llhtul •• aa t.D411.alrloua
la,qer. ex.bauaU'” 1n re■ea:reh, au. areful la :preparatloa. !tu-ouch ?•
ne-.r praoUce an4 tbat ot Mr. ni.t.rliacton ln whioh he bad parUolpa.,ea, he
‘beca.a a an of ,unu1ual e,:perienoe. I •• and am ver7 foad. ot bi■ am ha•e
good. reaton to be crateful to him. He wa• alvet7a kind tc me and neTU” neglected
an opportlUli ty • when I vaa a JO’U« laqer, of ?l:pinc •• in OJ’ V&7
he could.
\fe •’87ed in the old bt11ld1nc of 11t\h 8\reet t&r a while ‘bat about
1923 mo’NCl 1a\o the Phillipe hll4iag at Jttteeath aai I 8tnet,, Bortneet.
• ‘l’he r,iracttce •• a general ciTil practice (wt th an ocoaeional for,q on 1Jf1
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part 1».to aoJN criminal von:) embracing probate. real eetate tnnuctione,
def•••• of aegl1gence oaee1, rent control pl’Obleme, pe.rUcularlr inYOl’ri.11&
the Alonso O. Jli•• properties, r&l)reaentation of ao11e ot tbe mercantile ·
e1tebli11:uleAte like Julius Oarfinokel a. Oo., real ••tate f1n• aad. a.11 law.
?nce company. ·MT firat adllllniatraUve hearings came ia oaaea before \?
l>iatrict of Columbia Rent Control Ooulsaion, vhich grew out of the bouetoc
couge&tion of the period. of the Jirat World War. Mr. Sull1TIU1 also did aou
cond.elm8.Uon. work in which he wa, quite expert •
. . lb’ pn.oUoe waa reaeoDA’blJ’ eaUataoto17 from a tinanoial atal’ll3:po1at.
Each year •w eo•• growth. ‘fhe oovae of e..-eata iad1oate4 a nah.”-1 d.avelopMa\
ot a local practice draw troa the commit7, urelated ‘\o Valhlngton
as the capt tal.
Du.,,in,c the earl.7 twenties the faao•• Albert B. ra.11-atvari t. Doh«q>
oil pro•acut10111 took plac. in the Supreme Court of \he Di 1t1’1c1 of Oolubla.
Some proalnea\ Washington laVJere participated, lnclud.inc Jraak f? JJogu,
and l ‘bell••• William E. ?. A ‘lew Mexico laqer, whose JJ.aUle etcap•• ••
1’hollpllOA pel’hapt, cam• lad and. aoU -vel.7 aided ta \he clef••• ot Iv. J’all.
So•• tear• later l w.a to ••• aea’ben ot the Fall faall.7 la S&a\a rai aJl4
later 8’111 vhen I •• Soliottor hnel’al Mrs. J’all oue io en•• on 1-ehalt
of her lasband, !aUhhl to ‘\he em.
I wat aero•• \o the oourtroo11 duJ’iz,,g part ot \he trial•. ln \he 8Alle
court I bad tiret heard George ‘Wharton Pepper argue, 4etend1ng the federal
:Baee’ball Leap• ac&1nst \he ohlrce ot T1olatlon of the an\1-tru8’ l1u,s.
‘l’hi• caee turlllahed the preoedent \be Slipreme Oovt followed at \he lad
tena (1953). Mr. Pepper •4• a l,rilliaat argwne11t I lho11ght, though •Tova
• viev ot the le,al question 1• ibat \he cour\a made a que1\ionable deciaioa.
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Du:ring:,th.11 Aarlier period in Washington t became e. member of the.
Knig?t9 of Colwabu1. and ln 1923 or 1924 ‘Naa Grand Knight of Potomac Oouactl;\
re111gnlng when % left Waehington ln the IWIUI” ot 1924. Am duriq 111
. earfl•tt 7ears or aasociaUon with Mr. Sullln.n he..-, 41uite actiYe in the
Ba.ti.onal Catholic AeaooiaUon ot You.ng Men. I helped hi• ia thie wr:,rlt ..
!he organization went QUI of existence aome 7eara ago but was one of the
earlier le7 auooiationa tor Catholic )”O\Ulg people on a natioDal scope.
4. !he lfa,Q Oa.ee
·On· reewning pracUee in 1919 I ‘became aaeoo1ated 1n an uuaual ••••
ttanc ·Sane Wan. a youn, Cbineae a\udent iu thle cou».117. •• i.ndloted tor
the arder of three fellow cout17aen who bat charge cf the Ohineae 1411.0aUonal
Minion bou1ecl oa lalor&JJll!I. load near ConneoUcna\ Avenue. ‘!’he tra1, …
States bad been awarded a sv.’b1tanttal 8UJll a, indemnitJ to be paid b7 Chiu.
• ae e result of the :Boxer ie’bellion. A• a ge1tue of frlendahtp to Ohi• we
refused to accept the aonq. A.a a return gesture of friendt11Mp · China e1\ahliahed
,hi, Chine•• lM.u.caUoaal Miuton to educate ChlneH toun« •n ia
America.
The aiuion vat in oharge of Dr. ‘I’. ‘P. Yon&. Mr. O. IL Hale wat
treasver. Mr. Wu w.1 1eoreta17. Perhape U •• the o’1ler va7 aroUllll a•
to the latter two genUaen. .u any- rate, they all l1n4 1.11 a bouee oa
Xalorama ioad11 and at this parUcular time had no aenants. !hey adJAialatered
the buaineH of the m1e91on, aDi had a eube\anUal depodt of alaaion
fuDde in the Rigge Xatlonal Jlank.
Wan wae not a eh.dent wider the 1ttperv111oa of the JliHion. He wa•
living in lev York bat he wae a friend of med>er, of the Ddnion. Be
Tisi ted Waebington in January. 1918 and was aeen at the Jlitsion boaae late
•
•
•
– 46 –
on a Wftllelie-7 aftenooa when uother 10\\DC Chine•• fr1e:nd. of the ld.a1ioa
v.bo i1Te4 &Ol’OII ,lie •'”•’ oaae lo laqutre it hi cov.lcl ••• Dr. Voac. lfaa,
the aoou-4. aa,vere4 llMt d.oor am tal4 l>J-. Vong•• no, la. 0a ii. toilevlzta
‘1i.4a7, ,tb11 patleaa retume4 \e lb.e 111111011 ho1He ucl ao’1oe4 .• .,..,.
paper• ltlng a’bo•• and too aooalNla\ed. 1111.k bo\tlea. tookla, la a vlD4ow
u.nrder a 1bai1, he 1&v a bod.7 • \be tleor. !he polloe were oalle4 ali4 411-
00Teretl that all. \lire• aem’ber• of the a11alon had. been ahot u4 ha.cl b•••
4-4 for••• U•.
Wu •• -.a••• of. t!utir amtera, the •tlTe a,onbe4 ?, the ao-reJ’JWleat
belag ,_ 4el1N ‘- — a ff Te , ….. 4ollar ohllok Oil ,_ ·••l•• ,……
vh1oh tlle ae••na•, -14 he la4 fol’I•• .l ouok of that uout ••• t.a
taot, pnaealed to ‘• ll1C1 laUoDal B&Dk on ‘ftair84a71 the 481’ ‘belwffn \he
Weclaetcla, •nUoaet and. ,_ 11’14&7 WMll the ‘bodie• WN d.llOO’Hl’ed.. !here
•• t.d.en’1ftca’1oa of tu 7ou, •• vbo J>N .. ated the cheok at Yan, ,he brother
·ot Wu. ‘1’he cbeok •• aot bonoN4 beoa11.1e ot laok ot tv.fftcteat 14en\1-
f1ct.t.loa, al while Vu wa1 1n \he •• o•• ot ,11e ottlcel’• oalle4 \lie
alaaloA hou• o• the pboa• am noe1Te4 ao re-,oue. •• ••• ,, .. it ••
,ILffel’ apia •••• ‘b7 ..,-.u wbo •••’lftel al ,ae \rial, lnlt the ••’It, lt•riJW
tu leceD4 •t. !. Wo»c – to,ooo,• we la the oJleckbeok la the al••loa lln.•••
So• of the lMuJAm Unc •2P•rt• attribw.te4 the V1″l’1a« \o Waa.
Wan waa ‘-ken ln\o ou•tod7 in lew Tork aai4 brotaght to •••Mactoa where
h• •• belt iaeoanmloaclo la the old. Davey Hotel tor a’bou\ a wetak while the
aate •• beba thoro”Cb17 laTeat1,ate4, vi\1:l off1aer• troa. tt.• \o U.ae
“”8•’1osdag Wu. A\ \be en4 ot a week be waa taka \o \be alatloa lwu•
where \he oJiae u4 000\U”Nd and Jeep, up all atp,, followlac vhloh he aa4e
a 4ela1la4 ooaf•••loa •
•
•
– 47 –
Mr. Jamee A. O’Shea, a la”7er of re?ute vhoae practice was then largel7
criminal. aakecl •• \o help defend the oaae. vhioh I dtcl. Mr. o• Shea died
onl7 a !ev 7ear11 aco at about aevent7-tive years ot age, h11hl7 respected.
‘b7 th6 bar ancl \he oovh. He 4efende4 perhape more homctde case• than
all o·ther lawyers in Washin«ton put together during his ,ictlve life. Be
vae lrieh, likeable, diligent and faithful to hit obligation, \o his clients.
As a 7oungater 11.t the bar I he..d enlisted hit help in the Hat•lJIU, ca9e previou1l7
aentioned.. A few year• later he aaked •• to help hia la thi• ,bA
ca••• I worked pereonall1’ on the caee for about f’1Te 7eu·•• Wan’• meagre
h.nd.1 fro• his faml7 in China were all absorbt!ld in prinUq costs aad. the
like, so there vat DO fee. Tet he had ttome of the 110,t eminent laW7er• in
the ooua\ey ozi hit brief 1n the Supreme Oourt.
L -was convicted in the trial court, a.nd hia conviction was affirmed
on appeal b7 the Oourt ot Appeal• of the Diatr1ct of Ooluabia.. 53 App. D. o.
200. 289 led. 908. Our prinoipal oontention was that the trial eourt
should ha.Te held ‘\he confeseion to ‘be in.voluntary and therefore 1udm1Hible
in. mdence. Inatead the \rt.al oourt, affirmed b7 the Court of App•l•,
had left the que•Uon of voluatar1ne11 to the Juey. u4 permitted them ‘°
hear the confeteion read to thea. ‘1’he Suprflne Court g:ra.ntecl cer’1on.r1 a.ad
unanimoull1 reTeree4 in an opinion b7 Justice :Brandel•, holding th.et the
confeesion \l&S involuntary and should ha•• been excluded. m •. Uni\od
§ta,11. 266 U. S. l.
Mr. John w. Da.Th beO&Dle aaaooiated in the case in the Su:pre• Court,
a, did alao Mr. Frederic M0Xenne7, a leading Washington laV7er, and Mr.
William C. Dennis, who wa• then a prominent Washington lavyer in interna-
• ttonal affair, and later -preaiden\ of lla.rlbam Oollflge in Indiana.
– 48 –
!he oate waa u•gued. 1n. the Supreme Oout 1n. the eprinc of 1924, but
va• ‘ao\ 4eot4ed util \he fall. la \he mean.UM, la Aup.1,, I lad moftd to
levllenoo
. ·the oi’iaea were n.o\ort.011• and \he case beoa.u a tamou, one. Mr. Joha
L. Laak♦7 •• the United Sta\ee A.Uome7, a tine la¥7er and a an ot character.
!he 1H1atan1 Ualted Statea Attorney, vbo did. most of the work on
\he ca••• va• Mr. :Bolitiaa. I. Laws, wbo 1 • nov the able and recpectel Ohl.et
J”Q4ce of the Distrlct Oovt of the United. Statea for the Diatrict of Oolub1a.
Kr. O’Shea con&lv.ote4 aa e:roellen.t crou-e:aatnatton of the p•lloe
off1o1al•• tma akii,g the reoord oa the ‘ba•1• of vldch \he oon’rioUoa va•
later 1et a•1.4e. Jone of the otftoeN felt they lll4 coerced Wan, aad then
• vaa no coace11ion of pbJ’lloal alt\rea\aen\, except, ot couree, there waa
the tnthtul te1t1110q of \he officer• about the all-m.cht 1enion. ‘fhe1
explained. ln detail the 11etbode ueed. in the in.TetUg&\ton, lnoludinc the
tollo1dnc of leacle an4 lbell coatag back to Wu. u4 queaUom.a« hi• la ra-
1&7• alxn1l vbat tuy tboqh\ lla4 ooovrei. OYer a perlo4 ot dq• the teal
que•Uom.ac … ulHCl a grct&t v•rl11.povn charaote.r. Wan•• –.la were
brougbt to hta. Bowe•er, M •• ut well. nftenac tto• lnteaUnal 4iffl-
•
cult7. Ae •ooa a, the oonfeetloa waa obtained.•• he•• put in Jail, the
doctor tor the ina.te1 later te1Ut19’., ifaa wa, tn a weakened. coruU Uon,
not through undernouriehaen\ but ‘becauee of \hi• lnte1Unal trouble.
1 oould not eq tbat \he ra•elation of the uotioa uel b7 tu polloe
ca\’leed U’I’ public feel.lag of outra«e. ‘Pbe colQIIUllt7 proba’bl7 tel\ “lat Waa
vat guilty. ‘fhe rindicatioa ot our poai tloa vUh re1peot to the confeHioll
cUd not come uatll year• had. inte”ened. !he cri••• were oo.am1Ue4 ia Jaau•
•
– 49 –
&l’J’, 1919, and \he Supreme Oourt dec1•1oa w,u aot u.nUl Octol>el”, 1924. JusUee
llnmeia -? 1ear1 later told • that ,. ·ba4 expected ht• op1Jlioa
. . wo111J ba!• had a greaMr tatluenee oa ,u Mlllodt ••eel ‘b7 the polloe .?
he teared had been the caee.
1 atayed vi th \he oaH con1te.nU7 unUl after the s.rguaent la the hp
NIie Oovt in the spring ot 1924, altho?b at cUff’erent Umee, •• I baTe
inc:U.qe.\ed, a .DU!lber ot otb.e:r lawyer• were connec\e4 -with it. The peU Uoa
for aertioran ‘d.1 pr-,pared alaoat eatirel.7 b7 Mr. Dennie am .,….. “1th
a final nn-lew ot it 1>7 Mr. McX:ezma7. U had alto the approm of Mr. Joha
V. Dane• office. When tu peti Uon ,., filed MJo. 1–Tie hlaeelt we la
Lodon, and hl• JIAM •• atd.ecl later.
· fhe hpr•• Oourt then. ta:\ ln the Ca.pl tol. X remember Tel7 defial tel1
dur1D& Mr. MolCezme7′ • tlae arcwaent vhtm he reached. the tao ts abou? Van
belag kept uder queet1on.1n,: all atpi la the house where the llolllcid•• l:aa4
ooou.ned.1 Mr. Justice Sol.lie• leaned forward ud aaked. it he bad heard oorreo\
l.7. Mr. McXeanq replied that he had and ,hat lt was at\er thia that
lfar.FJ:lad. conte•••• Ml’. lu’1oe Bolaee then leaud back and aali a’Ufll?l.7, ••
it \o hiaaelf • ‘V•ll1 U•t•• enoqh tor •· • ‘lb.eH were the tirat jv.41.oial.
vor,ls of encov.ngellft.t we ba4 bad for fin Jean.
Mr. Dennie, who lidded the arCU,Ull\ for Wan with Mr. Mex.an.:,. wae aa
exoepUonall1 f’1ne la,qer and persoa. Mr. Dant wa• v1Uing to tU”g\le the
ea••• but I thought \hie wuld be uviee ‘beoauee, notvlthetudinc hie gN&t
qaalU1e• aa aa a4Tooate, I 111&nted the oaH arpecl 07 those who ha4 beooae
mon \llNoughly aoqa1nte4 vl th 1 t.
?• Vu w.• re-triecl atter the re-,enal of hi• con.Tiotioa l>7 \he Su-
• preme Oourt, Mr. O’Shea •• ou\ of \be caH. Mr. Wilton J. Lambert, a
– 50 –
prom1Mnt Wa.shing\on la,qer, defended Wan at the second trial. I was 1n
Santa re. and came back e.t Mr. ta.llber\’a requeat to ?o Y!:IPt 1 could to help.
‘l’hia aeooAd tl”ial reeulted. in disagreement on the part of ,he Ju’.Q’. Wan
was tried tor the Ud.rd time with the same result; that h, the Jury could
not agree. fb@ government then realized they would ne-,•1tr ‘be able to oonTiit
b1a “‘1th the eonfeasion no longer e..’mila.ble. and nolle-prosaed the case.
Father 0 1 0allaghan, of St. Peter’s Parith, v19ited the jail and b?C’-tme
quite intere1ted 1n Van, who w.1 no\ a Oathol1c tbcu«h a Ohr1s1s1an. 7ather
wa., coAvinced Wan was innocent. 1 :n.eTer vae oerta1n of thia. I was convinced
he ebould no\ be oonrloted on the basis ef the coJlfeas1oA a.nd tmt
he ‘4• enUUed to a trial on \he ad•iedble evidence alone, vhioh va•
largely ciroumtantial.
• I saw and talked with Wan a n,miber of times and he never gave the
•
slightest indication or intimation of guilt, s.nd- if he waa gu.1lt7 he wa.e a
Yer,• very oonsummate actor. Yet he d!.d not $ttem to be acting. It wa• a
strange caae. OYer thfl :,ears I bave heard from Wan from time to time. Re
finall7 returned to Obina and 1• there now. I had a letter from h1z there
wi tbin recent 7eara.
5. :Oepartve for San\& “•
In late vinter or early spring of 19?,4 pulmonary tuberauloais, fortunately
discovered in 1 h early eta?e. brought a.bout a. definite ehan«i, in the
direction of rq life.
)I.other Md come to Wa1hington as e. re•ul t of the following ei rcumatanoee.
? deter lia:nnah we.a he-re attending “l’rinit7 Oollege. It -.a planned
for my 1hter Agnes also to enter 1’rinit7 the followiq year. Leo was at
Georgetown UniYeretv and Joe and I vere li”f’in? here, and ?lll also at
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– 51 –
U••• la Tlew of \he fam11T sUuatioA Mother 4eo1ded. ,o alee a ••• in
Waald,n,gtoa fol’ a ti• tor u all? lo, with Jaaie and Sarah. vho were .th•a
vi t? Iler 111 ,tie 014 ·11o .. 111 ••• Mothea- oa• \o Wathincloa u4 we llTed oa
lath Sti-eet aeer Colub1a Boac1. ltd••• la 1931 lf ••iiJ” ••n•• oot”reo\17.
!he f0:llow1.Dc 7ear1, vi \h •o 11tuq of ,11e fallil7 acain lacthe tam• houeeholcl
— l>wte and Alber, wlll.d ■’\op off to Qd fro• Jome a!ll1 J’ew Tork •- we:re
crowded 01ie1 ln the life er ,h, fa-117, alld eomevhat ph1’tioall7 crowted too
la \? •4••’ olt7 4velllng. lor •• 1, •• a period of oolle«e e41Mllf.Uo.a ·. ? . ‘ ·. . . . :
. -?- aa4 ki•recl aoUYlll•• tor tu ao•t part. I nppoae this•• p•?• tbe.
eeatral pba•• of then year,. thotch then wen t.ate.reetlag other aolt:n Ile• ·
alto for Ibo•• not a\ten.41.DC oollep. It wul.4 no\ be ••7 tor ae to noaptue
tho•• 1-.r• oa paper in an adequate •••”• it I co’lld do eo at all •
the capitol and beoauee of ih pal’k• and ‘beauty, 1’8 •cener,. and aleo tta
arlceta. Ad.. of cou••• •• alva7a, •he lo•et \o Jake a ho■e for \Jae faaUJ”
a.lUl to do all •• 001114 to help a..a4 eAOO\\l”&P \he cb1ldrea la lhe1i- 41T•r••
llTea, w1 ‘\a tbt •••r,;.ud.hc pro bl … lo be •• &D4 adJul.-.la to ‘be a4e.
•• tor the real ot “•• opb.iona might 4lffer abov.t thoH yean. 1’h9J’ vere
ao’\ •••th on•• to’I’ •oh of •• in all n,peote, ‘bu.t the7 wen oa ’11e vhol•
7•r• of coat1aun,c d.eTelopmeat, aad., I aheul.4 •”l>Po••• ueM oa•• la \be
faat.17 life, ‘b7 u4 larca.
When the break O&Jle la rq health Dr. 8terll&e 1-f:ttn, an •laeat 4ootor,
afler a o.reful 41,apolis, ad.rlee4 • to l••• Washingloa u4 llTe l•f’ a
vhlle at Saruao or A•hffille. In the aeeavhlle, am pen4tna othe:r plea•, l
•• at. Val\e:r lee4 Boapilal for a week or eo. Mr. hlli•a, • oloee
• aasooiate aD4 good tl’lem, 11ade arrangfllea\s vi th • abov.t my praoUoe. and
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– 52 –
I ‘#ent to Asheville. hoping to be able to return to Washington in six
months or so. The ailment wae for\wiatel1 in its early st.age.
· While in Ash•T1lle, Mr. Dennie, with whom I had worked eo lon,; on th♦
JaA oaee. sqgeated the aiviaa.bili t7 of m,- not re,urnlng to Wiuhington but
of taJc1ng advantag(” of an opportunity in Santa ?e, 11-,w Medco. Santa Fe
teemed very remote, 1 ltne? veey little about it. but the rewlt waa that I
beoame an auoaiate of Mr. William J. :Barker there. )tr. :Ba.rker ;,,,as Mr.
Denni:i • brother-in-law, and a partn•r of Judge Laughlin, sn elderl1 former
Jurist vho had :practiced in Santa le for lllll17 7ear,s and wa1 most highl7 r•speoted
? Judge La.uchlin had a’tlft?red a stroke end was in hls ls.st 1llne1e.
Barker had vrUten to Mr. Den.nh to keep on the lookout for a 70unger lav-
7er wbo might ‘be villin.g to Join hb in Santa re. Denn.is, lmovin,; ,a:, sU\lation,
suggested the opening to me. So in AlllUtt, 1924, I c?me \h:roqb
Washington for a last visit with the tam111 en routft to Santa re, never expeottng
to returu to Washington to live. The- fa!Iil7 had mo-ved out to Invernets
be7ond ,he Dieilriot line 1n Maryland, into a 110re aU?’aaUTe plaoe \ban
the 13th 3treet house. During \his •hor\ visit on the way to m:, n•w home
in Santa Fe I was pleased lo btt able \o see Mi?s Agnes Lane vbo was to become
·’1117 wife in 1929.
The AeheT1lle months were -pleat1S.nt an.i belptal. l made -progren at
the little Sanatorium there under the care of Dr. Minor and his aasooiatea.
!’fi.any year, later Agnes and I, driving from Washington to lome, went bf
Aaheville and I found the old n59.n• deserted, overgrown and run down. ‘l’h11
wa1 1n 1950, as I recall the year, “hen we were drivizig do,rn for the
maniage of Albert a.nd. 11111an •